单词
mandarin
英 ['m?nd(?)r?n]
美['m?nd?r?n]
基本信息
- n. （中国）普通话；国语；官话；满清官吏；柑橘
- adj. 紧身马褂的
TEM8低频词扩展词汇
词态变化
复数:?mandarins;
助记提示
外国人音译汉语“满清”。
中文词源
mandarin 中国古代官僚，大臣，普通话
来自葡萄牙语mandarim,中国官员（1580年），来自马来语mantri,最终来自梵语mantra,顾问，建议，来自PIE*men,思想，思考，词源同mind,mania.用于指旧时中国的官僚，大臣。后引申词义普通话。俗词源认为其来自汉语满大人是站不住脚的，在时间上差了近100年。
英文词源
- mandarin
- mandarin: [16] Although it refers to a Chinese official, mandarin is not a Chinese word. Sanskrit mantrin meant ‘counsellor’ (it was a derivative of mantra ‘counsel’, which itself was based on man ‘think’, a distant relative of English mind). Its Hindi descendant mantrī passed into English via Malay m?teri and Portuguese mandarin. The word’s application to a variety of small loose-skinned orange, which dates in English from the 19th century, was inspired by the yellow robes worn by mandarins.
=> mind - mandarin (n.)
- "Chinese official," 1580s, via Portuguese mandarim or older Dutch mandorijn from Malay mantri, from Hindi mantri "councilor, minister of state," from Sanskrit mantri, nominative of mantrin- "advisor," from mantra "counsel," from PIE root *men- "to think" (see mind (n.)).
Form influenced in Portuguese by mandar "to command, order." Used generically for the several grades of Chinese officials; sense of "chief dialect of Chinese" (spoken by officials and educated people) is from c. 1600. Transferred sense of "important person" attested by 1907. The type of small, deep-colored orange so called from 1771, from resemblance of its color to that of robes worn by mandarins.
双语例句
- 1. Measures are taken to battle rising mandarin crime.
- 已经采取了措施来打击官员中不断上升的犯罪行为.
来自《简明英汉词典》
- 2. Mandarin Chinese has four tones.
- 汉语有四声.
来自辞典例句
- 3. I speak the Shanghai dialect and the Mandarin.
- 我会讲上海话,普通话.
来自辞典例句
- 4. It was not long before he spoke Mandarin, with a trace of the soft Soochow tones.
- 没有多久,他就说上一口北京话, 带有一些甜丝丝的苏州音.
来自辞典例句
- 5. Chinese immigrants should count their Blessings if their children could speak Mandarin.
- 那些移民的子女,能讲华语的就已算庆幸.
来自互联网
mandarin相关单词